Publications

Publications

HAL : Dernières publications

  • [hal-05754078] Which pea traits for agroecological weed management in pea-wheat intercrops. A simulation study

    Intercropping pea (Pisum sativum L.) with cereals is a promising lever to reduce weed infestation and damages. A large phenotypic diversity exists in pea which could be used for breeding varieties adapted to intercropping and weed management.

    ano.nymous@ccsd.cnrs.fr.invalid (Nathalie Colbach) 18 Sep 2026

    https://hal.inrae.fr/hal-05754078v1
  • [hal-05615328] Can modulations of nitrogen fertilisation and crop traits promote biological weed regulation through competition? A simulation study

    With the reduction of both herbicide and mineral fertiliser use for environmental reasons, crop–weed competition for nitrogen might increase in arable fields. Adapting nitrogen fertilisation and selecting crop species/varieties according to their nitrogen-nutrition traits could provide options to influence competitive relationships among plants. A simulation study was conducted to identify which nitrogen-fertilisation options and crop traits related to nitrogen nutrition have the greatest influence on weed impacts in the agroecosystem. We examined indicators of both weed harmfulness (i.e., crop grain yield loss due to weeds, field infestation by weed biomass, and weed seed production) and weed benefits (i.e., weed species richness and weed-based food offer for bees). Sensitivity analyses were performed using a process-based model (FlorSys) simulating crop and weed growth and dynamics over the years based on information on the cropping system, pedoclimate, and species traits. A maize monoculture from southwestern France was used as a case study. Different maize varieties (differing in their trait values related to nitrogen nutrition) were simulated under different scenarios of nitrogen fertilisation (application date and rate, crop residue management, and initial soil organic nitrogen) and weather. The analyses showed that nitrogen application rate and maize variety were the factors most influencing weed impacts on the agroecosystem. Decreasing nitrogen rates increased weed harmfulness and decreased maize yield potential (i.e., yield in the absence of weeds). The maize traits that both reduced weed harmfulness the most and increased maize productivity the most were low plant nitrogen demand, high root nitrogen uptake efficiency, and a specific leaf area (leaf area per unit leaf biomass) insensitive to plant nitrogen stress. These results are useful for better understanding the role of nitrogen in crop–weed competition and for identifying management strategies that promote biological weed regulation.

    ano.nymous@ccsd.cnrs.fr.invalid (Laurène Perthame) 07 May 2026

    https://institut-agro-dijon.hal.science/hal-05615328v1
  • [hal-05504829] Co-produire des connaissances et des outils pour des démarches préventives et opérationnelles en gestion agroécologique des adventices : Partie II. Conception et évaluation d'idéotypes variétaux et de systèmes de culture

    Le projet COPRAA visait à produire avec des acteurs de terrain des connaissances, outils et démarches de gestion préventive opérationnelles pour les conseillers et agriculteurs afin de concilier production agricole, rentabilité économique, biodiversité et faible usage, voire absence, d'herbicides en grande culture. La partie I de cet article a présenté les expérimentations conduites sur les mécanismes impliqués dans la régulation des adventice et les outils numériques développés. Ici sont présentés les essais au champ, les simulations avec le modèle FLORSYS et les ateliers de co-conception avec des conseillers et agriculteurs pour évaluer et concevoir des techniques culturales, des idéotypes variétaux et des systèmes de culture innovants pour la gestion agroécologique des adventices.

    ano.nymous@ccsd.cnrs.fr.invalid (Nathalie Colbach) 11 Feb 2026

    https://hal.inrae.fr/hal-05504829v1
  • [hal-05668821] Assessing weed impacts in tropical cropping systems through a functional trait-based approach: A case study on sugarcane

    Context: Yield losses due to weeds arise from competition for light, water, and nutrients. Beyond abundance, weed impact could also depend on their resource acquisition strategies. This study aims to evaluate how different weed species, characterized by distinct functional traits, may affect sugarcane agronomic performances under varying environmental and management conditions. Methods: Two field trials were conducted in Réunion Island (2021 – 2023) under contrasting irrigation and fertilization conditions. Different weed management treatments (unweeded, fully weeded, and selectively weeded) leading to distinct weed communities dominated by climbers, perennials, grasses, or small dicotyledons were compared. Sugarcane growth and yield, and weed ground cover were measured over both cropping seasons. Dominant weed species were characterized by functional traits related to competition for resources. Linear mixed models assessed treatment effects while multivariate analyses (PCA, clustering, RLQ and fourth-corner) were used to group species by traits and link them to crop performance. Results: Reduction of sugarcane biomass and stem density was related to weeds to an extent that varied by year and selected weed communities. Weed cover alone did not explain sugarcane biomass reduction. Trait-based groups revealed that climbers exhibited leaf acquisitive and root conservative traits, while dicotyledons showed the opposite pattern. Sugarcane biomass reduction seems mainly related to Climbers due to leaf acquisitive traits under high-input conditions and small dicotyledons due to root acquisitive traits under low-input conditions. Conclusions: These results provide insights into how weed harmfulness may be linked to species-specific strategies and may vary depending on the environmental context, supporting the idea of more targeted, trait-informed weed management strategies in cropping systems.

    ano.nymous@ccsd.cnrs.fr.invalid (Elise Laine) 25 Jun 2026

    https://hal.science/hal-05668821v1
  • [hal-05505587] Co-produire des connaissances et des outils pour des démarches préventives et opérationnelles en gestion agroécologique des adventices Partie I. Acquisition de données et synthèse dans des outils numériques

    Le projet COPRAA visait à produire avec des acteurs de terrain des connaissances, outils et démarches de gestion préventive opérationnelles pour les conseillers et agriculteurs afin de concilier production agricole, rentabilité économique, biodiversité et faible usage, voire absence, d'herbicides en grande culture. Cet article présente (1) la production de connaissances sur les processus biophysiques déterminant les effets des techniques culturales et les régulations biologiques des adventices, avec des expérimentations en conditions contrôlées et au champ, puis (2) la synthèse de ces connaissances dans différents outils numériques (FLORSYS, DECIFLORSYS, OPTIFLORSYS, OdERA). L'évaluation et la conception d'idéotypes variétaux et systèmes de culture sera présentée dans la partie II de cet article.

    ano.nymous@ccsd.cnrs.fr.invalid (Nathalie Colbach) 11 Feb 2026

    https://hal.inrae.fr/hal-05505587v1

Dans cette rubrique

Publié dans European Journal of Agronomy et écrit par N. Colbach et al. L'objectif est d'identifier des traits de pois optimaux pour la gestion agroécologique des adventices dans les associations pois-blé, à partir de simulations.

Photos de livres par Patrick Tomasso

Publié dans European Journal of Agronomy et écrit par P. Lebreton et al. L'objectif de la présente étude était d'effectuer des simulations avec le modèle FLORSYS afin d'identifier des paramètres intrinsèques à la variété ainsi que des idéotypes de blé pour maximiser le rendement, la tolérance aux adventices et la suppression des adventices.

FlorSys et ses dérivés en vidéo